Expert Diagnosis and Management of Seizures
Seizures are sudden bursts of abnormal electrical activity in the brain that temporarily disrupt normal function. They can affect movement, sensation, awareness, or behavior. At Georgia Epilepsy & Neurology Institute, our specialists diagnose and treat all seizure types, including focal and generalized seizures, using advanced technology and individualized care plans.
Dr. Ki Hyeong Lee, MD and Dr. Joo Hee Seo, MD provide evidence-based care that helps patients understand their seizures and regain control of their daily lives.
Understanding Seizure Types
Focal Seizures
Also called partial seizures, focal seizures originate in one specific part of the brain. Symptoms may include twitching, unusual sensations, or altered awareness. Some patients remain conscious during focal seizures, while others may experience confusion afterward.
Generalized Seizures
Generalized seizures affect both sides of the brain simultaneously. Common types include absence (staring spells), tonic-clonic (convulsions), and myoclonic (sudden jerks). These seizures may involve loss of consciousness or muscle control.
Common Causes
Seizures can result from many conditions, including:
- Epilepsy
- Head trauma or brain injury
- Brain infections
- Stroke or vascular issues
- Tumors or cysts
- High fever (febrile seizures in children)
- Medication or metabolic imbalance
Our team performs thorough evaluations to determine the cause and type of seizure to ensure proper treatment.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis involves:
- Detailed medical and seizure history
- EEG or Ambulatory EEG to monitor brain activity
- MRI or CT scans to detect structural changes
- Blood tests to identify metabolic factors
- Neurological and physical exams
These findings help distinguish between epileptic and non-epileptic events and guide precise treatment strategies.
Treatment Options
Treatment is tailored to seizure type and frequency:
- Anti-seizure medications
- Vagus Nerve Stimulator (VNS) therapy for drug-resistant cases
- Lifestyle adjustments and sleep management
- Avoidance of seizure triggers such as stress, flashing lights, or missed medications
- Rescue and safety plans for emergencies
Living With Seizures
Our team focuses on education and empowerment. We provide patients with the tools to recognize warning signs, maintain seizure journals, and manage triggers. Support groups and follow-up care are available to help patients and families adapt successfully.
FAQs About Seizures
Q: What is the difference between focal and generalized seizures?
A: Focal seizures start in one area of the brain, while generalized seizures involve both hemispheres from the onset.
Q: Can stress or lack of sleep cause seizures?
A: Stress and sleep deprivation can trigger seizures in individuals with epilepsy, though they are not direct causes.
Q: What should I do if someone has a seizure?
A: Protect the person from injury, keep them on their side, and stay nearby until they recover. Call emergency services if the seizure lasts longer than five minutes.
Q: Can seizures be prevented?
A: Medication, consistent sleep, and avoiding known triggers can reduce the likelihood of seizures.
Q: When should I see a neurologist for seizures?
A: If you or someone you know experiences a first-time seizure, unexplained fainting, or recurring episodes, schedule a neurological evaluation promptly.